• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a device (1) and a method for discharging a friction - value - optimizing mixture (2) from at least one lubricant (3) and at least one scattering means (4) into the gap (5) between rail wheel (6) of a rail vehicle (7) and Rail (8), with a reservoir (9) for the lubricant (3) and at least one reservoir (10) for the one scattering means (4), with a metering unit (11) for metering the lubricant (3), a metering unit (12 ) for metering the scattering agent (4), a conveying device (13) for conveying the lubricant (3) and a conveying device (14) for conveying the scattering means (4), and a discharge nozzle (15). According to the invention, the conveying device (13) for conveying the lubricant (3) and the conveying device (14) for conveying the scattering means (4) are formed separately from one another, and open in a common discharge nozzle (15), so that the friction-value-optimizing mixture (2) only at the discharge is formed.
    公开号:AT520813A4
    申请号:T50181/2018
    申请日:2018-03-05
    公开日:2019-08-15
    发明作者:Reich Alexander；George Imbert Luc；Frea Matteo
    申请人:Nowe Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a device for discharging a mixture of at least one lubricant and at least one scattering agent that optimizes the coefficient of friction into the gap between the rail wheel of a rail vehicle and the rail, with at least one reservoir for the at least one lubricant and at least one reservoir for the at least one scattering agent, with at least one Dosing unit for dosing the at least one lubricant, at least one dosing unit for dosing the at least one spreading agent, at least one conveying device for conveying the at least one lubricant and at least one conveying device for conveying the at least one spreading agent, and a discharge nozzle for discharging the at least one lubricant and the at least one a sprinkling agent in the gap between the rail wheel and rail.
    The invention further relates to a method for discharging a mixture of at least one lubricant and at least one scattering agent that optimizes the coefficient of friction into the gap between the rail wheel of a rail vehicle and the rail, at least one lubricant being metered from at least one storage container via at least one metering unit and via at least one conveying device and at least one Scattering agent is conveyed from at least one storage container via at least one metering unit and at least one conveying device to a discharge nozzle for discharging the at least one lubricant and the at least one scattering agent into the gap between the rail wheel and the rail.
    The contact between the rail wheel and the rail plays a decisive role in the dynamics of a rail vehicle, since the drive and braking forces as well as the guidance and weight forces have to be transmitted via a relatively small contact area. The friction ratio between the rail wheel and the rail determines the optimal power transmission. As soon as the rail vehicle moves, there are permanently changing conditions at the transition between the rail wheel and the rail. In addition to the degree of pollution, the route profile, especially when cornering, also plays an important role in the current state of contact between the rail wheel and the rail. The extreme influences and the associated negative / 17
    To minimize effects on braking distance and wear (stick-slip effect), sand spreading or lubrication systems are used in rail vehicles.
    For example, EP 2 379 394 B1 describes a system for spreading spreading material in front of the wheels of vehicles, in particular rail vehicles, in which the spreading material, in particular sand, can be pneumatically introduced into the gap between the wheel and the ground, if necessary, to reduce the friction between the wheel and to increase the ground and thereby reduce the braking distance or make it easier to start the vehicle.
    With such conventional spreading devices, the efficiency of the spread quantity depends very much on the aerodynamic influences which occur in the immediate vicinity in front of the gap between the wheel and the rail and which tend to deflect the beam of the spreading material outwards as the speed of the rail vehicle increases.
    Furthermore, the use of lubricants for optimizing the coefficient of friction is known in order to reduce the wear on the rail wheel and the rail, among other things in the area of the wheel flange, and to reduce noise, especially when cornering or swinging movements of the rail vehicle.
    For example, AT 515 059 B1 describes a metering device for a wheel flange lubrication system of a rail vehicle for metering and delivering a flowable lubricant.
    For safety reasons, the use of the lubricant must not have a negative effect on the length of the braking distance of the rail vehicle. To ensure this, solid particles are mixed into the lubricant. After a certain period of operation, the driving dynamics often cause the two fuels to separate. As a result, the characteristics of the entire lubricant can change. In addition, the high concentration of solids can clog the discharge device.
    From WO 2013/034740 A1 and WO 2015/52307 A1, application devices for mixtures of friction modifiers for a rail vehicle have become known, several storage containers for friction modifiers of different materials and / or different sizes and / or different properties being provided if necessary mix them and apply an appropriate particle mixture to the rail. The particle mixture is introduced into the gap between the rail wheel and the rail via a transport device through a conveyor pipe.
    The object of the present invention is to provide an above-mentioned device and an above-mentioned method for discharging a mixture which optimizes the coefficient of friction and which delivers an efficient and trouble-free discharge of a mixture of at least one lubricant and at least one spreading agent into the gap between the rail wheel of a rail vehicle and the rail guaranteed. The device and the method should function as reliably and safely as possible and segregation of the components of the coefficient of friction-optimizing mixture should be prevented. Disadvantages of known devices and methods should be avoided or at least reduced.
    The object according to the invention is achieved by a device mentioned above, in which the conveying device for conveying the at least one lubricant and the conveying device for the at least one scattering agent are formed separately from one another and open into a common discharge nozzle, so that the mixture which optimizes the coefficient of friction only discharges into the gap is formed between the rail wheel and rail from the at least one lubricant and the at least one scattering agent. According to the invention, it is therefore provided that the mixing of the at least one lubricant and the at least one scattering agent to form the mixture which optimizes the coefficient of friction only takes place in the common discharge nozzle at the immediate point of action, that is to say when it is discharged into the gap between the rail wheel and the rail. This prevents segregation of the at least two components of the mixture that optimizes the coefficient of friction and ensures optimal use of the desired amount of lubricant and scattering agent depending on the respective application. As a rule, a lubricant and a spreading agent are mixed. However, more lubricants and more spreading agents can also be used and mixed to form the mixture which optimizes the coefficient of friction. The device in question allows optimal portioning of the at least two components of the friction-optimizing mixture, which is preferably mixed depending on the actual state at the transition between the rail wheel and the rail and is introduced into the gap between the rail wheel and the rail with a suitable discharge speed and discharge energy. The delivery lines of the at least two components, the lubricant and the spreading agent, and the mixture that optimizes the coefficient of friction are routed separately from the respective storage container to the common discharge nozzle. The lubricants and spreading agents can be dosed individually and independently of one another.
    According to one feature of the invention, the at least one metering unit for the at least one lubricant and / or the at least one metering unit for the at least one scattering agent is formed by at least one cellular wheel. A cellular wheel represents a possible implementation for a dosing unit. Of course, a pump can also be used to deliver a liquid lubricant.
    Likewise, the at least one metering unit for the at least one lubricant and / or the at least one metering unit for the at least one scattering agent can be formed by at least one lifting piston. This is an alternative or additional variant for a dosing unit. The piston can in particular be combined with an electromagnet or a cylinder as the drive means.
    The at least one delivery device for the at least one lubricant and / or the at least one delivery device for the at least one scattering agent is preferably formed by a compressed air source and a compressed air line. The use of compressed air to convey the at least one lubricant and the at least one scattering agent has proven to be particularly reliable and efficient.
    / 17th
    According to a further feature of the invention, an additional and self-sufficient compressed air line is provided, which opens into the discharge nozzle. This feature enables the discharge energy of the jet of the friction-optimizing mixture to be increased and the components of the friction-optimizing mixture to be conveyed more concentratedly into the gap between the rail wheel and the rail. It is advantageous if the compressed air flows around the openings for the scattering agent and the lubricant in the discharge nozzle, which is advantageous in terms of the promotion and efficiency of the application of the mixture which optimizes the coefficient of friction. The mixture optimizing the coefficient of friction is virtually protected by the surrounding compressed air, which means that influences such as Cross winds result in less beam deflection. The mouth of the compressed air lines of the discharge nozzle is preferably arranged in a ring around the mouths for the at least one scattering agent and the at least one lubricant.
    If a control unit is provided, which is connected to each metering unit and each conveying device, an optimal metering of the individual components of the friction-value-optimizing mixture, that is to say the at least one lubricant and the at least one scattering agent, can be achieved. The mixture that optimizes the coefficient of friction can be mixed and dosed accordingly on the basis of stored data or regulations, so that an optimal use and an optimal effect for optimal friction between wheel and rail can always be guaranteed.
    The control unit is ideally connected to a sensor for detecting the speed of the rail vehicle, sensors for detecting environmental parameters and / or sensors for detecting the coefficient of friction between the rail wheel and the rail. This creates a control loop that provides for regulating the metering of the components of the mixture that optimizes the coefficient of friction as a function of influencing parameters, such as environmental parameters and / or the actual state of contact between the rail wheel and the rail, and in particular the speed of the rail vehicle. Influencing factors such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, etc. can be recorded as environmental parameters and taken into account in the control. This always guarantees the use of an optimal amount and optimal composition of the at least one lubricant and the at least one spreading agent depending on the respective application. The coefficient of friction between the rail wheel and the rail can be determined by measuring the current state in the gap between the rail wheel and the rail with the help of appropriate algorithms. The connection of the control unit with a device for detecting the position of the rail vehicle, for example a GPS receiver, can also be used for the position-dependent metering of the lubricant and spreading agent.
    At least one lubricant can be formed by a preferably biodegradable liquid. Liquids are particularly suitable as lubricants, which optimally protect the rail flank and the rail head and the flange of the rail wheel and minimize wear and noise. In order to prevent the environment from being polluted by the discharge of the friction-optimizing mixture, it is advantageous if the liquid is biodegradable. For example, lubricants are used that contain ceramic lubricants and synthetic carriers. Lubricants in solid form or in the form of capsules which contain the liquid lubricant are also conceivable.
    Alternatively or additionally, at least one lubricant can also be formed by a preferably biodegradable solid. Solids in combination with liquid lubricant or without mixing with liquid lubricants can also be used.
    According to a further feature of the invention, at least one scattering agent is formed by sand, preferably quartz sand. Sand is characterized by low costs and almost unlimited availability. Of course, the use of other spreading agents, such as slag, aluminum oxide or artificially produced granules, is also conceivable.
    In terms of the method, the object of the invention is achieved in that the at least one lubricant and the / 17 at least one scattering agent are metered separately from one another and conveyed to a common discharge nozzle, so that the mixture, which optimizes the coefficient of friction, is only discharged from the gap between the rail wheel and the rail at least one lubricant and the at least one scattering agent is formed. For the advantages that can be achieved in this way, reference is made to the above description of the device.
    As already described above in connection with the device, the at least one lubricant and / or the at least one scattering agent is metered, for example, with at least one cellular wheel and / or with at least one reciprocating piston.
    The at least one lubricant and / or the at least one scattering agent is preferably conveyed pneumatically to the common discharge nozzle by means of compressed air.
    Furthermore, compressed air can be fed into the discharge nozzle in an additional compressed air line. This results in an increased discharge energy of the jet of the friction-optimizing mixture in the gap between the rail wheel and the rail.
    Ideally, the at least one lubricant and / or the at least one scattering agent is metered separately from one another via a control unit. As a result, depending on the respective application, the optimum composition of the mixture that optimizes the coefficient of friction can always be achieved, and the smallest possible amount of lubricant and spreading agent can be discharged for optimal use.
    If the control of the metering and delivery of the at least one lubricant and the at least one spreading agent is regulated as a function of the speed of the rail vehicle based on recorded environmental parameters and / or on the recorded coefficient of friction between the rail wheel and rail, an optimal composition of the friction-optimizing mixture and an optimal setting can be achieved the amount depending on the respective measured events and states. The geographic position of the rail vehicle can also be included in the regulation.
    / 17th
    A preferably biodegradable liquid and / or a preferably biodegradable solid can be used as at least one lubricant.
    Sand, preferably quartz sand, can be used as at least one scattering agent.
    The present invention is explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawing. Show in it
    1 shows a preferred embodiment of a device for discharging a mixture which optimizes the coefficient of friction and comprises at least one lubricant and at least one scattering agent in the gap of a rail vehicle and rail; and FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of a preferred embodiment of a discharge nozzle in a sectional representation.
    1 shows a device 1 for discharging a mixture 2 which optimizes the coefficient of friction and comprises at least one lubricant 3 and at least one scattering agent 4 in the gap 5 between the rail wheel 6 of a rail vehicle 7 and the rail 8. A reservoir 9 is provided for each lubricant 3 and a reservoir 10 is provided for each spreading agent 4. If a plurality of lubricants 3 and a plurality of spreading means 4 can be used, correspondingly more storage containers 9 or 10 are arranged. The lubricant 3 can be metered in the desired amount into a subsequent conveying device 13 via a metering unit 11. The metering unit 12 can be formed, for example, by a pump (not shown), a cellular wheel 16 or a reciprocating piston 17.
    A metering unit 12 for metering the scattering agent 4 is also arranged under each storage container 10 for the scattering agent 4, which in turn can be formed by a cellular wheel 16 or a reciprocating piston 17 and doses a desired amount of the scattering agent 4 into the conveying device 14. The conveying devices 13, 14 for conveying the at least one lubricant 3 and the at least one spreading agent 4 open into a discharge nozzle 15 which is arranged at a suitable location in front of the sliding wheel 6 of the rail vehicle 7. As a result, the metered amount of lubricant 3 and spreading agent 4, which form the mixture 2 that optimizes the coefficient of friction, can be optimally introduced into the gap 5 between the rail wheel 6 of the rail vehicle 7 and the rail 8. A compressed air source 18 and a compressed air line 19 can be used in each case to convey the at least one lubricant 3 and the at least one scattering agent 4.
    An improvement in the discharge of the mixture 2 which optimizes the coefficient of friction can be achieved via an additional and self-sufficient compressed air line 25 which branches off from the compressed air source 18 and which opens into the discharge nozzle 15.
    A control unit 20 is preferably provided, which is connected to each metering unit 11, 12 and each conveying device 13, 14. In this way, at best, taking into account influencing factors and environmental parameters, an optimal metering and mixing of the components of the friction coefficient-optimizing mixture 2 can be achieved. For this purpose, the control unit 20 can be equipped with a sensor 21 for detecting the speed v of the rail vehicle 7, sensors 22 for detecting environmental parameters, such as e.g. Temperature, humidity or wind speed. Finally, the control unit 20 can also be connected to sensors 23 for detecting the state between the rail wheel 6 and the rail 8. Such sensors 23 can be formed, for example, by optical devices. The coefficient of friction μ between rail wheel 6 and rail 8 can be determined by means of appropriate algorithms via the values recorded with these sensors 23. Furthermore, a GPS receiver 24 can be connected to the control device 20 in order to be able to record the current geographic position of the rail vehicle 7 and to be able to regulate the discharge of the mixture 2 which optimizes the friction value as a function of the position of the rail vehicle 7.
    The at least one lubricant 3 is preferably formed by a biodegradable liquid and / or a preferably biodegradable solid. The at least one scattering agent 4 is preferably covered by sand, e.g. Quartz sand, / 17 formed.
    The device 1 according to the invention for discharging a mixture 2 which optimizes the coefficient of friction and comprises at least one lubricant 3 and at least one scattering agent 4 in the gap 5 between the rail wheel 6 of a rail vehicle 7 and the rail 8 is optimally used by the components of lubricant and scattering agent, i.e. an optimal friction ratio between wheel 6 and rail 8, characterized. Due to the separate conveyance of the at least one lubricant 3 and the at least one spreading agent 4 to the discharge nozzle 15 and the preferred use of compressed air for the conveyance, mixing occurs only immediately before the mixture 2, which optimizes the coefficient of friction, is distributed into the gap 5 between the rail wheel 6 and the rail 8 , whereby segregation of the components can be prevented.
    Fig. 2 shows a detailed view of a preferred embodiment of a discharge nozzle 15 in a sectional view. The lines of the conveying device 13 for conveying the lubricant 3 and the lines of the conveying device 14 for conveying the spreading agent 4 and the additional compressed air line 25 open into the common discharge nozzle 15. The compressed air opens in a preferably annular manner around the openings for the lubricant 3 and the spreading agent 4 arranged annular gap 26. This protects the friction-optimizing mixture 2 by the surrounding compressed air jet, whereby the discharge of the friction-optimizing mixture 2 can be carried out more efficiently in a targeted manner in the gap between rail wheel 6 and rail 8. Instead of a circular surrounding mouth of the additional compressed air line 25, a mouth for the compressed air can also be arranged above the mouth for the lubricant 3 and below the mouth for the control means 4.
    权利要求:
    Claims (20)
    [1]
    claims:
    1. Device (1) for discharging a mixture (2) which optimizes the coefficient of friction and comprises at least one lubricant (3) and at least one scattering agent (4) in the gap (5) between the rail wheel (6) of a rail vehicle (7) and rail (8), with at least one storage container (9) for the at least one lubricant (3) and at least one storage container (10) for the at least one scattering agent (4), with at least one metering unit (11) for metering the at least one lubricant (3), at least one Dosing unit (12) for dosing the at least one spreading agent (4), at least one conveying device (13) for conveying the at least one lubricant (3) and at least one conveying device (14) for conveying the at least one spreading agent (4), and a discharge nozzle ( 15) for discharging the at least one lubricant (3) and the at least one scattering agent (4) into the gap (5) between the rail wheel (6) and the rail (8), characterized in that the conveying device Seal (13) for conveying the at least one lubricant (3) and the conveying device (14) of the at least one scattering agent (4) are formed separately from one another and open into a common discharge nozzle (15), so that the friction-value-optimizing mixture (2) only starts at the discharge into the gap (5) between the rail wheel (6) and the rail (8) is formed from the at least one lubricant (3) and the at least one scattering agent (4).
    [2]
    2. Device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one metering unit (11) for the at least one lubricant (3) and or or the at least one metering unit (12) for the at least one scattering agent (4) by at least a cellular wheel (16) is formed.
    [3]
    3. Device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one metering unit (11) for the at least one lubricant (3) and / or the at least one metering unit (12) for the at least one scattering agent (4) is formed by at least one reciprocating piston (17).
    [4]
    4. Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized ge
    12/17 indicates that the at least one delivery device (13) for the at least one lubricant (3) and / or the at least one delivery device (14) for the at least one scattering agent (4) through a compressed air source (18) and a compressed air line ( 19) is formed.
    [5]
    5. Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that an additional compressed air line (25) is provided which opens into the discharge nozzle (15).
    [6]
    6. Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a control unit (20) is provided, which is connected to each metering unit (11, 12) and each conveyor (13, 14).
    [7]
    7. The device (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the control unit (20) with a sensor (21) for detecting the speed (v) of the rail vehicle (7), sensors (22) for detecting environmental parameters and or or Sensors (23) for detecting the coefficient of friction (μ) between the rail wheel (6) and rail (8) is connected.
    [8]
    8. Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one lubricant (3) is formed by a preferably biodegradable liquid.
    [9]
    9. Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at least one lubricant (3) is formed by a preferably biodegradable solid.
    [10]
    10. The device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at least one scattering agent (4) is formed by sand, preferably quartz sand.
    [11]
    11. Method for discharging a mixture (2) which optimizes the coefficient of friction and comprises at least one lubricant (3) and at least one scattering agent (4) in the gap (5) between the rail wheel (6) of a rail vehicle (7) and the rail (8), at least one Lubricant (3) dosed from at least one storage container (9) via at least one dosing unit (11) and via at least
    13/17 at least one delivery device (13) and at least one spreading agent (4) from at least one storage container (10) via at least one metering unit (12) and at least one delivery device (14) to a discharge nozzle (15) for discharge of the at least one lubricant ( 3) and the at least one scattering agent (4) is conveyed into the gap (5) between the rail wheel (6) and the rail (8), characterized in that the at least one lubricant (3) and the at least one scattering agent (4) are separated from one another is metered and conveyed to a common discharge nozzle (15), so that the coefficient of friction-optimizing mixture (2) is only discharged into the gap (5) between the rail wheel (6) and rail (8) from the at least one lubricant (3) and the at least one a spreading agent (4) is formed.
    [12]
    12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the at least one lubricant (3) and or the at least one scattering agent (4) is metered with at least one cellular wheel (16).
    [13]
    13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the at least one lubricant (3) and or the at least one scattering agent (4) with at least one reciprocating piston (17) is metered.
    [14]
    14. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the at least one lubricant (3) and or or the at least one scattering agent (4) is conveyed pneumatically by means of compressed air to the common discharge nozzle (15).
    [15]
    15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that compressed air is conveyed in an additional compressed air line (25) into the discharge nozzle (15).
    [16]
    16. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that the at least one lubricant (3) and or or the at least one scattering agent (4) is metered separately from one another via a control unit (20).
    [17]
    17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that the control of the metering and delivery of the at least one lubricant (3) and the at least one scattering agent (4) in
    14/17
    Dependency of the speed (v) of the rail vehicle (7) on the recorded environmental parameters and / or on the detected coefficient of friction (μ) between the rail wheel (6) and the rail (8) is regulated.
    [18]
    18. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 17, characterized in that a preferably biodegradable liquid is used as at least one lubricant (3).
    [19]
    19. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 18, characterized in that a preferably biodegradable solid is used as at least one lubricant (3).
    [20]
    20. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 19, characterized in that sand, preferably quartz sand, is used as at least one scattering agent (4).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    RU2741454C1|2021-01-26|
    AT520813B1|2019-08-15|
    EP3707049B1|2021-11-17|
    CN111788105A|2020-10-16|
    WO2019170574A1|2019-09-12|
    CA3090151A1|2019-09-12|
    US20200361499A1|2020-11-19|
    EP3707049A1|2020-09-16|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50181/2018A|AT520813B1|2018-03-05|2018-03-05|Device and method for discharging a friction-optimizing mixture in the gap between the rail wheel of a rail vehicle and rail|ATA50181/2018A| AT520813B1|2018-03-05|2018-03-05|Device and method for discharging a friction-optimizing mixture in the gap between the rail wheel of a rail vehicle and rail|
    US16/967,968| US20200361499A1|2018-03-05|2019-03-04|Device and method for dispensing a friction-coefficient-optimizing mixture|
    RU2020128263A| RU2741454C1|2018-03-05|2019-03-04|Device and method for dispensing of friction optimizing mixture|
    PCT/EP2019/055259| WO2019170574A1|2018-03-05|2019-03-04|Device and method for dispensing a friction-coefficient-optimizing mixture|
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